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Educational Researcher
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Performance-Based Assessment: Lessons From the Health Professions

David B. Swanson, Senior Evaluation Officer

National Board of Medical Examiners, 3750 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104. His specialization is educational measurement in the health professions.

Geoffrey R. Norman, Professor

Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Room 2C14, Health Sciences Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, L8N 3Z5. His specialization is cognition and assessment.

Robert L. Linn, Professor

Center for Research on Evaluation, Standards, and Student Testing, University of Colorado-Boulder School of Education, 124 Education, Campus Box 249, Boulder, CO 80309. His specialization is educational measurement.

Performance-based assessment methods have been used in the health professions for centuries, and dozens of studies of their psychometric characteristics have been reported over the past several decades. During that period, the health professions have seen a variety of performance-based assessment methods come and go, and some hard lessons have been learned from the many studies and frequent missteps. This article shares some of those lessons, using four performance-based assessment methods as examples: written clinical simulations (more commonly termed patient management problems), computer-based clinical simulations, oral examinations, and standardized patients ("live" simulations).

Educational Researcher, Vol. 24, No. 5, 5-11 (1995)
DOI: 10.3102/0013189X024005005


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